Hafnium ufa
Mafotokozedwe Akatundu
Hafnium ufa ndi chitsulo choyera chasiliva, ponena za katundu wakuthupi, ufa wa hafnium uli ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri komanso malo otentha kwambiri, malo ake osungunuka ndi 2545 ° C, kutentha ndi 3876 ° C. Amakhalanso ndi matenthedwe apamwamba. ndi resistivity mkulu, choncho nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga superalloys ndi zipangizo zamagetsi.Pankhani ya mankhwala, ufa wa hafnium ndi wosavuta kuchitapo kanthu ndi zinthu zopanda zitsulo monga mpweya ndi nayitrogeni kuti apange ma oxides ndi nitrides ofanana.Amapanganso ma alloys okhala ndi zitsulo zambiri, monga ma alloys opangidwa ndi hafnium.Ponena za kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi kufunikira, ufa wa hafnium ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzamlengalenga, zankhondo, zamagetsi ndi zina.Mwachitsanzo, amapangidwa ndi tungsten, rhenium ndi zitsulo zina kukhala ma alloys amphamvu kwambiri, osatentha kwambiri a hafnium kuti apange injini za ndege ndi ma roketi.Kuphatikiza apo, ufa wa hafnium ungagwiritsidwenso ntchito popanga zida zamagetsi, monga ma capacitors, resistors, etc.
Kufotokozera
| Zr+Hf | O | Zr | Si | C | Hf |
| 99.5mn. | 0.077 | 1.5 | 0.08 | 0.009 | Kusamala |
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Hafnium Hf ufa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka:
1. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga X-ray cathode ndi tungsten waya kupanga;
2. Hafnium yoyera ili ndi ubwino wa pulasitiki, kukonza kosavuta komanso kukana kutentha kwa dzimbiri, ndipo ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri pamakampani opanga mphamvu za atomiki;
3. Hafnium ili ndi gawo lalikulu la kutentha kwa nyutroni, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kwambiri ya nyutroni, yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ndodo yolamulira ndi chipangizo chotetezera muzitsulo za atomiki;
4. Hafnium ufa ukhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati propellant kwa roketi
5. Hafnium angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati getter ambiri inflatable machitidwe.Hafnium getter imatha kuchotsa mpweya, nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wina wosafunikira womwe ulipo mu dongosolo;
6. Hafnium nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera mu mafuta a hydraulic kuti ateteze kuphulika kwa mafuta a hydraulic panthawi ya ntchito zoopsa kwambiri.Monga Hafnium ali ndi anti-volatility amphamvu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafuta a hydraulic opangidwa ndi mafakitale ndi mafuta a hydraulic hydraulic;
7. Hafnium element imagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu purosesa yaposachedwa ya Intel45nm;
8. Ma alloys a Hafnium angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zokutira zoteteza kutsogolo kwa ma rocket nozzles ndi magalimoto othamanga oloweranso, ndipo ma Hf-Ta alloys angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zitsulo zamagetsi ndi zida zotsutsa.Hafnium imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera pazitsulo zosagwira kutentha, monga ma aloyi a tungsten, molybdenum, ndi tantalum.HfC itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera cha simenti ya carbide chifukwa cha kuuma kwake kwakukulu komanso malo osungunuka.
Zogwirizana nazo
Timaperekanso waya wa hafnium ndi ndodo ya hafnium, talandiridwa kuti mufunsire!
